Tendência da incompletude das variáveis escolaridade e raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos do Brasil, 2012-2020 / Tendencia de incompletitud de las variables escolaridad y raza/color de piel materno en el sistema de información sobre nacidos vivos en Brasil, 2012-2020 / Trend of incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System, 2012-2020

Objective: to analyze the trend of incompleteness of the maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC) between 2012 and 2020. Methods: this was an ecological time series study of the incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color data for Brazil, its regions and Federative Units, by means of joinpoint regression and calculation of annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change. Results: a total of 26,112,301 births were registered in Brazil in the period; incompleteness of maternal schooling data decreased for Brazil (APC = -8.1%) and the Southeast (APC = -19.5%) and Midwest (APC = -17.6%) regions; as for race/skin color, there was a downward trend for Brazil (APC = -8.2%) and all regions, except the Northeast region, while nine Federative Units and the Federal District showed a stationary trend. Conclusion: there was an improvement in filling out these variables on the SINASC, but with regional disparities, mainly for race/skin color.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia de incompletitud de educación y raza/color de piel materna en el Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivo (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012-2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico de serie temporal sobre la incompletitud de la educación y raza/color de piel materna para Brasil, regiones y Unidades de la Federación (UF), a través de regresión de joinpoint y cálculo de cambio porcentual anual (APC) y cambio porcentual anual promedio Resultados: se registraron 26.112.301 nacimientos en Brasil en el período. Brasil (APC = -8,1%) y regiones Sudeste (APC = -19,5%) y Centro-Oeste (APC = -17,6%) disminuirán la incompletud de la educación materna. En cuanto a raza/color de piel, hubo un descenso para Brasil (APC = -8,2%) y todas las regiones, excepto Nordeste, y nueve UF y Distrito Federal presentaron tendencia estacionaria. Conclusión: e llenado das variables en el Sinasc ha mejorado, pero con disparidades regionales, principalmente por raza/color de piel.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da incompletude das variáveis escolaridade e raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012 e 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a incompletude da escolaridade e da raça/cor da pele da mãe para o Brasil, suas macrorregiões e Unidades da Federação, pela regressão por joinpoint, e cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e da variação percentual anual média. Resultados: foram registrados 26.112.301 nascimentos no Brasil, no período; no país (VPA = -8,1%) e em suas regiões Sudeste (VPA = -19,5%) e Centro-Oeste (VPA = -17,6%), houve redução da incompletude da escolaridade materna; quanto à raça/cor da pele da mãe, observou-se queda para o Brasil (VPA = -8,2%) e todas as suas regiões, exceto o Nordeste, e nove UFs e o Distrito Federal com tendência estável. Conclusão: o preenchimento das variáveis no Sinasc melhorou, porém com disparidades regionais, principalmente quanto à raça/cor da pele.

Integrating contextual sentiment analysis in collaborative recommender systems.

Recently. recommender systems have become a very crucial application in the online market and e-commerce as users are often astounded by choices and preferences and they need help finding what the best they are looking for. Recommender systems have proven to overcome information overload issues in the retrieval of information, but still suffer from persistent problems related to cold-start and data sparsity. On the flip side, sentiment analysis technique has been known in translating text and expressing user preferences. It is often used to help online businesses to observe customers' feedbacks on their products as well as try to understand customer needs and preferences. However, the current solution for embedding traditional sentiment analysis in recommender solutions seems to have limitations when involving multiple domains. Therefore, an issue called domain sensitivity should be addressed. In this paper, a sentiment-based model with contextual information for recommender system was proposed. A novel solution for domain sensitivity was proposed by applying a contextual information sentiment-based model for recommender systems. In evaluating the contributions of contextual information in sentiment-based recommendations, experiments were divided into standard rating model, standard sentiment model and contextual information model. Results showed that the proposed contextual information sentiment-based model illustrates better performance as compared to the traditional collaborative filtering approach.

Caracterização dos partos e dos nascidos vivos em Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brasil / Characterization of birth and live birth in Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil

Objetivo: caracterizar partos e nascidos vivos a partir de dados retirados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com dados de nascimentos no ano de 2016, no município de Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: foram incluídos 391 nascimentos ocorridos no ano de 2016. Maiores frequências ocorreram entre mães com idade entre 20 a 24 anos (27,1%), seguidas das mães de 25 a 29 anos (24,3%) e das mais jovens com idade entre 15 a 19 anos (21,0%), prevalecendo a duração da gestação de 37 a 41 semanas (86,4%), com gravidez única (97,4%), em parto tipo cesáreo (81,3%), recém-nascidos do sexo feminino (50,4%), com raça/cor parda (62,1%), peso ao nascer entre 3000g a 3999g (67,5%), sem presença de anomalia no nascimento (93,6%), e com Apgar 1º minuto e 5º entre 8 e 10, com 88,2% e 98,2%, respectivamente. Conclusão: os dados deste estudo podem subsidiar políticas públicas no município para garantir atenção integral e de qualidade no ciclo gravídico-puerperal e que repercutam na melhoria dos indicadores de saúde materno-infantil

Objective: to characterize births and live births from data collected from the Live Birth Information System. Method: descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with data on births in 2016, in the city of Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil. Data were obtained by the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: 391 births occurred in 2016 were included. Higher frequencies occurred among mothers aged 20 to 24 years (27.1%), followed by mothers aged 25 to 29 years (24.3%) and the youngest with aged between 15 and 19 years (21.0%), with a prevalence of gestation of 37 to 41 weeks (86.4%), with a single pregnancy (97.4%), in a cesarean delivery (81.3%) , female newborns (50.4%), with mixed race/color (62.1%), birth weight between 3000g and 3999g (67.5%), no abnormality at birth (93.6 %), and with Apgar 1st and 5th minutes between 8 and 10, with 88.2% and 98.2%, respectively. Conclusion: the data from this study can support public policies in the city to ensure comprehensive and quality care in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle and that have an impact on the improvement of maternal and child health indicators

Perfil epidemiológico, padrões espaciais e evitabilidade da mortalidade fetal em Pernambuco / Perfil epidemiológico, patrones espaciales y evitabilidad de la mortalidad fetal en Pernambuco / Epidemiological profile, spatial patterns and preventability of fetal mortality in Pernambuco

Resumo Objetivo Descrever características epidemiológicas, evitabilidade e distribuição espacial dos óbitos fetais. Métodos Estudo ecológico realizado no estado de Pernambuco entre 2010 e 2017, cuja unidade de análise foram regiões de saúde. Utilizou-se dados dos Sistemas de Informações sobre Mortalidade, e sobre Nascidos Vivos. A classificação da evitabilidade dos óbitos seguiu os critérios da Lista brasileira de causas de mortes evitáveis por intervenções do Sistema Único de Saúde. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e o teste Qui-quadrado para comparações de proporções. Elaborou-se mapas com a distribuição espacial da mortalidade fetal e por causas evitáveis e mal definidas. Resultados Registou-se 12.337 óbitos fetais, sendo 8.927 (72,3%) por causas evitáveis. As variáveis idade da mãe, número de filhos mortos, tipo de gravidez, tipo de parto e peso ao nascer estiveram relacionadas a evitabilidade do óbito. A taxa de mortalidade fetal para o estado de Pernambuco foi de 10,9 por 1000 nascimentos, variando de 10,1 a 16,6, com maior taxa de 16,6 na região XI. A taxa de mortalidade fetal por causas evitáveis foi 7,9, com a mínima de 6,7, e máxima de 13,2 na XI região. A taxa por causas mal definidas foi de 2,3 por 1000 nascimentos, com a maior taxa de 6,2 na IX região. Conclusão Os resultados do estudo apresentaram a caracterização dos óbitos fetais, na maior parte evitáveis, e contribuíram para a compreensão da cadeia de fatores envolvidos na ocorrência das mortes. O mapeamento das taxas da mortalidade identificou regiões de saúde prioritárias para as ações de redução dos óbitos fetais.

Resumen Objetivo Describir las características epidemiológicas, la evitabilidad y la distribución espacial de la muerte fetal. Métodos Estudio ecológico, realizado en el estado de Pernambuco entre 2010 y 2017, cuyas unidades de análisis fueron regiones de salud. Se utilizaron datos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad y sobre Nacidos Vivos. La clasificación de evitabilidad de las muertes se realizó de acuerdo con los criterios de la Lista brasileña de causas de muertes evitables por intervenciones del Sistema Único de Salud. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y la prueba χ2 de Pearson para comparar las proporciones. Se elaboraron mapas con la distribución espacial de la mortalidad fetal por causas evitables y mal definidas. Resultados Se registraron 12.337 muertes fetales, de las cuales 8.927 (72,3 %) fueron por causas evitables. Las variables edad de la madre, número de hijos fallecidos, tipo de embarazo, tipo de parto y peso al nacer estuvieron relacionadas con la evitabilidad de la muerte. El índice de mortalidad fetal en el estado de Pernambuco fue de 10,9 cada 1.000 nacimientos, con una variación de 10,1 a 16,6, y el mayor índice de 16,6 fue en la región XI. El índice de mortalidad fetal por causas evitables fue de 7,9, con una mínima de 6,7 y una máxima de 13,2 en la región XI. El índice por causas mal definidas fue de 2,30 cada 1.000 nacimientos, con un índice mayor de 6,2 en la región IX. Conclusión Los resultados del estudio presentaron la caracterización de las muertes fetales, en su mayoría evitables, y contribuyeron a la comprensión de la cadena de factores relacionados con los casos de muerte. El mapeo de los índices de mortalidad identificó regiones de salud prioritarias para acciones de reducción de muertes fetales.

Abstract Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics, preventability and spatial distribution of fetal deaths. Methods Ecological study conducted in the state of Pernambuco between 2010 and 2017 with the health regions as the unit of analysis. Data from Mortality and Live Birth Information Systems were used. The classification of the preventability of deaths followed the criteria of the Brazilian List of causes of preventable deaths by interventions of the National Health Service. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used for comparisons of proportions. Maps with the spatial distribution of fetal mortality and of preventable and ill-defined causes were prepared Results There were 12,337 fetal deaths, of which 8,927 (72.3%) from preventable causes. The variables mother's age, number of dead children, type of pregnancy, type of delivery and birth weight were related to preventability of death. The fetal mortality rate for the state of Pernambuco was 10.9 per 1,000 births, ranging from 10.1 to 16.6, with a higher rate of 16.6 in region XI. The rate of fetal mortality from preventable causes was 7.9, with a minimum of 6.7 and a maximum of 13.2 in region XI. The rate for ill-defined causes was 2.3 per 1,000 births, and the highest rate was 6.2 in region IX. Conclusion The results of the study showed the characterization of fetal deaths, mostly preventable, and contributed to understand the chain of factors involved in the occurrence of deaths. Priority health regions for actions to reduce fetal deaths were identified by mapping the mortality rates.

Availability, Affect, and Decisions to Seek Information about Cancer Risks.

How do people decide which risks they want to get informed about? The present study examines the role of the availability and affect heuristics on these decisions. Participants (N = 100, aged 19-72 years) selected for which of 23 cancers they would like to receive an information brochure, reported the number of occurrences of each type of cancer in their social circle (availability), and rated their dread reaction to each type of cancer (affect); they also made relative judgments about which of 2 cancers was more common in Germany (judged risk). Participants tended to choose information brochures for those cancers for which they indicated a higher availability within their social networks as well as for cancers they dreaded. Mediation analyses suggested that the influence of availability and affect on information choice was only partly mediated by judged risk. The results demonstrate the operation of 2 key judgment heuristics (availability and affect), previously studied in risk perception, also in decisions about information choice. We discuss how our findings can be used to identify which risks are likely to fall from people's radar.

A COVID-19 e o papel dos sistemas de informação e das tecnologias na atenção primária / COVID-19 and the role of information systems and technologies at the first level of care / COVID-19 y el rol de los sistemas de información y las tecnologías en el primer nivel de atención

Atenção centrada na resposta à COVID-19: identificar, informar, conter, manejar e encaminhar. Os sistemas de informação em saúde ­ por meio do acesso oportuno a dados devidamente desagregados, a correta integração dos sistemas nacionais e locais, a saúde digital e o uso das tecnologias da informação (TIC) de uso frequente ­ facilitam a identificação eficaz, informação e análise de casos e contatos; a busca e detecção de casos em tempo hábil; e a identificação e seguimento da população de risco, dos casos e de seus contatos. A contenção é fortalecida com as plataformas de seguimento e monitoramento de casos, contatos, quarentena e isolamento social. Por sua vez, esses sistemas possibilitam a difusão maciça a toda a sociedade dos comunicados sobre medidas preventivas. As plataformas de teleconsulta, monitoramento remoto de pacientes e comunicação a distância permitem à atenção primária manejar a assistência médica e facilitam o seguimento domiciliar das pessoas com COVID-19. Esses mesmos mecanismos, integrados aos prontuários eletrônicos e aos sistemas locais e nacionais de informação, permitem e facilitam as referências, em âmbito hospitalar, dos pacientes com sinais e sintomas graves ou com fatores de risco.

Atención centrada en la respuesta a la COVID-19: identificar, reportar, contener, manejar y referir. Los sistemas de información para la salud ­a través del acceso oportuno a datos correctamente desagregados, la correcta integración de los sistemas nacionales y locales, la salud digital y la utilización de las tecnologías de la información (TIC) de uso frecuente­ facilitan la identificación eficaz, el reporte y análisis de casos y contactos; la búsqueda y detección tempranas de casos; y la identificación y el seguimiento de la población de riesgo, los casos y sus contactos. La contención se ve fortalecida con las plataformas de seguimiento y monitoreo de casos, contactos, cuarentena y aislamiento social. Estos sistemas permiten a su vez la difusión masiva a toda la sociedad de las comunicaciones sobre medidas preventivas. Las plataformas de teleconsulta, monitoreo remoto de pacientes y comunicación a distancia permiten al primer nivel de atención el manejo de la asistencia médica y facilitan el seguimiento domiciliario de las personas con COVID-19. Estos mismos mecanismos, integrados con los registros electrónicos de salud y los sistemas locales y nacionales de información, permiten y facilitan las referencias al nivel hospitalario de los pacientes con signos y síntomas graves o factores de riesgo.

Care centered on the response to COVID-19: Identify, report, contain, manage, and refer. Information systems for health­through timely access to correctly disaggregated data, proper integration of national and local systems, digital health, and the application of widely used information and communication technologies (ICTs)­facilitate the effective identification, reporting, and analysis of cases and contacts; early search for and detection of cases; and identification and monitoring of at-risk populations, cases, and contacts. Containment is strengthened through platforms for follow-up and monitoring of cases, contacts, quarantine, and social isolation. These systems, in turn, enable mass dissemination of information on preventive measures to all of society. Platforms for telemedicine visits, remote monitoring of patients, and remote communication enable health workers at the first level of care to manage medical care and facilitate home monitoring of people with COVID-19. These same mechanisms, together with electronic health records and local and national information systems, facilitate hospital referrals of patients with severe signs and symptoms or risk factors.

Violence against children and adolescents in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil: a descriptive study of cases and evaluation of notification sheet completeness, 2009-2016. / Violência contra crianças e adolescentes em Manaus, Amazonas: estudo descritivo dos casos e análise da completude das fichas de notificação, 2009-2016.

OBJECTIVE: to describe cases of violence against children and adolescents and completeness of notification forms registered on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (Sinan), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 2009-2016. METHODS: this was a descriptive study based on 38 fields of the notification form held on the information system; analysis of completeness was based on the criteria proposed by the Ministry of Health. RESULTS: 69.3% of the 10,333 reported cases occurred among female children, and parents and step-parents were the perpetrators in 43.0% of cases; among adolescents, about » (24.9%) of cases were committed by friends/acquaintances; sexual violence was the most reported type of violence in both groups; field completeness ranged from 15.1% (occupation) to 100.0% (several fields). CONCLUSION: in contrast to the national scenario, sexual violence was the most reported form of violence in Manaus, indicating that other types of violence are underestimated; data quality points to the need for Sinan improvement in Manaus.

Analysis of the application of a deterministic routine for identifying multiple pregnancies on SINASC, Brazil. / Análise da aplicação de uma rotina determinística para a identificação de gestações múltiplas no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the application of a deterministic routine for identifying multiple pregnancies on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC). METHODS: SINASC data deduplication and linkage with the mortality database (fetal deaths) for Rio de Janeiro state for the period 2007-2008; we used a deterministic routine, using a key based on SINASC maternal and birth information, complemented by manual review. RESULTS: of the 433,874 SINASC records, 9,036 (2.1%) were classified as multiple pregnancy newborns; after implementing the routine, we reclassified 385 records as twins, and 286 as singletons; accuracy of multiple pregnancy information on the SINASC database was high (sensitivity=95.8%; specificity=99.9%); applying the routine without the manual review process increased sensitivity by 4.2%, with no significant change of specificity. CONCLUSION: despite the accuracy of information regarding multiple pregnancy held on SINASC, we suggest the use of this routine as an option for improving classification of twins.

Assessing Community Health Information Systems: Evidence from Child Health Records in Food Insecure Areas of the Ethiopian Highlands.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the completeness of child health records maintained and collected within community health information system in Ethiopia. METHODS: A household listing was carried out in 221 enumeration areas in food insecure areas of Ethiopia to determine the presence of a child less than 24-months. This list of children was then compared against the information stored at the local health posts. A household survey was administered to a sample of 2155 households that had a child less than 24-months of age to assess determinants and consequences of exclusion from the health post registers. RESULTS: Out of the 10,318 children identified during the listing, 36% were found from the health post records. Further analysis based on the household survey data indicated that health posts that had adopted nationally recommended recordkeeping practices had more complete records (p < 0.01) and that children residing farther from health posts were less likely to be found from the registers (p < 0.05). Mothers whose child was found from the registers were more likely to know a health extension worker (p < 0.01), had a contact with one (p < 0.01), and their child was more likely to have received growth monitoring (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE: The incompleteness of the data collected at the health posts poses a challenge for effective implementation of the national health extension program and various complementary programs in Ethiopia.

Paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and caesarean section: A report from the United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study (UKCCS).

BACKGROUND: Reports have suggested that children born by caesarean initiated before labour onset may be at increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). However, with most data being derived from case-control study interviews, information on the underpinning reasons for caesarean section is sparse, and evidence is conflicting. OBJECTIVES: Use clinical records compiled at the time of delivery to investigate the association between childhood ALL and caesarean delivery; examining timing in relation to labour onset, and reasons for the procedure. METHODS: Data are from the UK Childhood Cancer Study, a population-based case-control study conducted in the 1990s, when caesarean section rates were relatively low, in England, Scotland, and Wales. Children with ALL were individually matched to two controls on sex, date of birth, and region of residence. Information on mode of delivery and complications was abstracted from obstetric records. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression models adjusted for matching variables and relevant covariates. RESULTS: Around 75% of the 1034 cases and 1914 controls were born through unassisted vaginal delivery. Caesarean delivery was as frequent in cases and controls (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.84, 1.36). No association was observed between ALL and caesarean delivery either during or before labour, with adjusted ORs of 1.08 (95% CI 0.78, 1.48) and 1.09 (95% CI 0.78, 1.53), respectively. For B-cell ALL, the ORs were 1.14 (95% CI 0.81, 1.59) for caesarean during labour and 1.21 (95% CI 0.85, 1.72) for prelabour. The underpinning reasons for caesarean delivery differed between cases and controls; with preeclampsia, although very rare, being more common amongst cases born by caesarean (OR 8.91, 95% CI 1.48, 53.42). CONCLUSIONS: Our obstetric record-based study found no significant evidence that caesarean delivery increased the risk of childhood ALL, either overall or when carried out before labour.

[Analysis of deaths by intoxication that occurred in Brazil from 2010 to 2015 based on the Mortality Information System (SIM)]. / Análise dos óbitos decorrentes de intoxicação ocorridos no Brasil de 2010 a 2015 com base no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM).

Many studies analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths caused by a single toxic agent. However, broader mortality analyses can be obtained by evaluating multiple agents over the same period of time. For this purpose, a retrospective descriptive study was carried out of the deaths by intoxication registered in the Mortality Information System that occurred in Brazil from 2010 to 2015. Deaths were selected according to ICD-10 codes related to intoxication. There were 18,247 deaths and an increase of 3% of rates of mortality by intoxication during the period. The agents that caused the most deaths were pesticides (24%) followed by medication (23%) and street drugs (22%). With the exception of medication, where the female participation was 52%, there was a higher concentration of males for all agents and in most of the age groups. Only in the case of medication and pesticides was suicide the main circumstance of deaths. The results presented made it possible to define a mortality profile for each of the major toxic agents studied.

Muitos estudos analisam o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos causados por um único agente tóxico. No entanto, análises mais amplas da mortalidade podem ser obtidas avaliando múltiplos agentes em um mesmo período de tempo. Com esse objetivo, foi realizado um estudo descritivo retrospectivo dos óbitos decorrentes de intoxicações ocorridos de 2010 a 2015 no Brasil, registrados pelo SIM. Os óbitos foram selecionados de acordo com os códigos da CID-10 relacionados a intoxicações. Foram registrados pelo SIM, no período do estudo, 18.247 óbitos decorrentes de intoxicação, resultando em crescimento de 3% no coeficiente de mortalidade. Os agentes que mais causaram óbitos foram os agrotóxicos (24%) seguidos dos medicamentos (23%) e das drogas de abuso (22%). Com exceção dos medicamentos, em que a participação do sexo feminino foi de 52%, verificou-se maior concentração do sexo masculino para todos os agentes e na maioria das faixas etárias. Somente para os medicamentos e agrotóxicos, o suicídio foi a principal circunstância dos óbitos. Os resultados apresentados foram capazes de delinear um perfil de mortalidade para cada um dos principais agentes tóxicos estudados.

Roles of the underlying cause of delivery and gestational age on long-term child health.

BACKGROUND: Clinical conditions leading to delivery are heterogeneous. However, most studies examining the short- and long-term consequences of birth on child health only consider gestational age at delivery, not the underlying cause. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of both gestational age at delivery and underlying cause of delivery on child health outcomes. METHODS: This population-based retrospective cohort study of singleton infants born in Alberta (April 2004-March 2005) used linked administrative and perinatal data to identify birth subtypes by underlying cause (infection/inflammation (I/I), placental dysfunction (PD), both, or neither), gestational age at delivery, and child health outcomes (neonatal morbidity and mortality, paediatric complex chronic conditions, and neurodevelopmental disorders and disabilities). Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess differences in the (adjusted) risk ratio (RR) of each outcome by gestational age, and by cause of delivery. The roles of gestational age and cause of delivery were examined using mediation analysis methods. RESULTS: A total of 38,192 children were included, with 66.7% experiencing neither I/I nor PD (I/I: 4.0%, PD: 27.5%, both: 1.8%). Infants born preterm had higher risk of all outcomes compared to those born at term and late-term. Infants with exposure to both causes had higher risk of all outcomes (neonatal morbidity, RR 8.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.55, 10.63; paediatric complex chronic conditions, RR 3.94, 95% CI 3.08, 5.05; and neurodevelopmental disorders, RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.37, 1.84). The effect of underlying cause of delivery on child health outcomes was partially explained by gestational age, more in cases involving I/I than in those involving PD alone. CONCLUSIONS: Short- and long-term child health outcomes differ by the underlying cause leading to delivery, as well as the gestational age at delivery. Having a clearer prognosis for infants may promote the use of clinical interventions earlier for children at increased risk.

What quality factors matter in enhancing the perceived benefits of online health information sites? Application of the updated DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model.

BACKGROUND: Despite a growing need for designing and monitoring health information sites through comprehensive examination of the various elements of website quality, there is little research that systematically models and presents such examinations. OBJECTIVES: Applying the updated DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success, this research aimed to examine how health information sites' information quality, system quality, and service quality lead to user satisfaction and perceived benefits. METHODS: This research was conducted in a specific context of the National Health Information Portal (NHIP), a governmental health information site in South Korea. We conducted online survey in 2017, with 506 adults from the NHIP consumer panel. Data were analyzed using a confirmatory factor analysis, hierarchical ordinary least squares regression, and bootstrapping approach for a mediation test. RESULTS: Of the three quality factors, information quality had significant associations with all outcome variables: user satisfaction, intention to reuse the site, and perceived benefits of site use in health settings. There were also indirect paths from information quality to perceived benefits, one mediated through intention and the other mediated through satisfaction and then intention. Service quality had a significant association with user satisfaction, and its impact on perceived benefits occurred indirectly through user satisfaction and intention in serial. By contrast, the role of system quality received no empirical support. IMPLICATIONS: The results offer theoretical and practical implications for how to enhance the effectiveness of online health information sites.

Análise dos óbitos decorrentes de intoxicação ocorridos no Brasil de 2010 a 2015 com base no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) / Analysis of deaths by intoxication that occurred in Brazil from 2010 to 2015 based on the Mortality Information System (SIM)

Resumo Muitos estudos analisam o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos causados por um único agente tóxico. No entanto, análises mais amplas da mortalidade podem ser obtidas avaliando múltiplos agentes em um mesmo período de tempo. Com esse objetivo, foi realizado um estudo descritivo retrospectivo dos óbitos decorrentes de intoxicações ocorridos de 2010 a 2015 no Brasil, registrados pelo SIM. Os óbitos foram selecionados de acordo com os códigos da CID-10 relacionados a intoxicações. Foram registrados pelo SIM, no período do estudo, 18.247 óbitos decorrentes de intoxicação, resultando em crescimento de 3% no coeficiente de mortalidade. Os agentes que mais causaram óbitos foram os agrotóxicos (24%) seguidos dos medicamentos (23%) e das drogas de abuso (22%). Com exceção dos medicamentos, em que a participação do sexo feminino foi de 52%, verificou-se maior concentração do sexo masculino para todos os agentes e na maioria das faixas etárias. Somente para os medicamentos e agrotóxicos, o suicídio foi a principal circunstância dos óbitos. Os resultados apresentados foram capazes de delinear um perfil de mortalidade para cada um dos principais agentes tóxicos estudados.

Abstract Many studies analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths caused by a single toxic agent. However, broader mortality analyses can be obtained by evaluating multiple agents over the same period of time. For this purpose, a retrospective descriptive study was carried out of the deaths by intoxication registered in the Mortality Information System that occurred in Brazil from 2010 to 2015. Deaths were selected according to ICD-10 codes related to intoxication. There were 18,247 deaths and an increase of 3% of rates of mortality by intoxication during the period. The agents that caused the most deaths were pesticides (24%) followed by medication (23%) and street drugs (22%). With the exception of medication, where the female participation was 52%, there was a higher concentration of males for all agents and in most of the age groups. Only in the case of medication and pesticides was suicide the main circumstance of deaths. The results presented made it possible to define a mortality profile for each of the major toxic agents studied.

METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer as a Prognostic Imaging Marker in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.

BACKGROUND: METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P) has been proposed as a standard of data acquisition and interpretation for whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI) performed in men with advanced prostate cancer. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the clinical significance of the scores in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated WB-DWI obtained from 72 patients with CRPC between 2014 and 2017, when disease progression was suspected at the time of starting a new line of anticancer therapy. Twenty-five (35%) and 30 (42%) patients had a treatment history that included taxane-based chemotherapy and new hormonal drugs, respectively. RESULTS: Active bone metastases were identified in 60 patients (83%; number of bone metastasis = 0, 1-2, 3-5, 6-10, and > 10: n = 12 [17%], 20 [28%], 11 [15%], 1 [1%], and 28 [39%], respectively). Progressive lymph node and visceral metastases were identified in 10 (14%) and 4 (6%), respectively. During the median follow-up period of 24 months, 36 (50%) died of prostate cancer. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was significantly stratified according to the MET-RADS-P scores of osseous metastatic burden and the presence of visceral metastasis (P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that high osseous metastatic burden (> 10) and the presence of visceral metastasis were significant indicators of shorter CSS (P = .0036 and P = .0017, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The extent of bone metastasis and the presence of visceral metastasis on WB-DWI were associated with a shorter CSS in CRPC. MET-RADS-P score can be a prognostic imaging biomarker for CRPC.

Exposure to Asian dust within a few days of delivery is associated with placental abruption in Japan: a case-crossover study.

OBJECTIVE: Asian dust is a natural phenomenon in which dust particles are transported from desert areas in China and Mongolia to East Asia. Short-term exposure to Asian dust has been associated with cardiovascular disease through mechanisms such as systemic inflammation. Because inflammation is a potential trigger of placental abruption, exposure may also lead to abruption. We examined whether exposure to Asian dust was associated with abruption. DESIGN: A bi-directional, time-stratified case-crossover design. SETTING AND POPULATION: From the Japan Perinatal Registry Network database, we identified 3014 patients who delivered singleton births in hospitals in nine Japanese prefectures from 2009 to 2014 with a diagnosis of placental abruption. METHODS: Asian dust levels were measured at Light Detection and Ranging monitoring stations, and these measurements were used to define the Asian dust days. As there was no information on the onset day of abruption, we assumed this day was the day before delivery (lag1). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Placental abruption. RESULTS: During the study period, the Asian dust days ranged from 15 to 71 days, depending on the prefecture. The adjusted odds ratio of placental abruption associated with exposure to Asian dust was 1.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.0, 2.0) for cumulative lags of 1-2 days. Even after adjustment for co-pollutant exposures, this association did not change substantially. CONCLUSIONS: In this Japanese multi-area study, exposure to Asian dust was associated with an increased risk of placental abruption. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Exposure to environmental factors such as Asian dust may be a trigger of placental abruption.

Before-after evaluation of patient length of stay in a rehabilitation context following implementation of an electronic patient journey board.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the installation of electronic patient journey boards in an inpatient adult rehabilitation centre in Victoria, Australia, is associated with shorter lengths of stay for admitted adult rehabilitation patients. METHODS: A retrospective before-after analysis of 3 259 adult inpatient rehabilitation episodes from 2013 to 2018 was performed, analysing case-mix adjusted lengths of stay. RESULTS: A reduction in case-mix adjusted length of stay of 4.1 days per episode (95 % confidence interval: 2.0-6.4 days) was found. The corresponding reduction in hospital costs was estimated to be $3 738 per episode (95 % confidence interval $2 398-$4 983). CONCLUSIONS: Installation of electronic patient journey boards was associated with shorter lengths of stay in an inpatient adult rehabilitation centre. Additional research is needed to 1) provide further evidence of the causal effect of the boards on length of stay, and 2) investigate the mechanisms by which they reduce lengths of stay (e.g., increased currency of information, changes to procedures, remote viewing) in rehabilitation settings.

Improving the usefulness of mortality data: reclassification of ill-defined causes based on medical records and home interviews in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Brazil presented a high proportion of ill-defined causes of death (IDCD) in 2000, compromising accurate cause-of-death analysis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze specific underlying causes for deaths originally assigned as IDCD in the Mortality Information System (SIM - Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade), after investigation activities implemented in country between 2006 and 2017. METHOD: For all IDCD identified in the SIM, municipal health professionals collected information about the final disease obtained from hospital records, autopsies, forms of family health teams, and home investigation. Specific causes among reclassified IDCD after investigation were evaluated according to age groups and four calendar periods. RESULTS: Proportions of IDCD reassigned to other causes after review increased over time, reaching 30.1% in 2017. From a total of 257,367 IDCD reclassified in 2006-2017, neonatal-related conditions, injury, ischemic heart disease and stroke were the leading causes detected in the age groups 0-9 years, 10-29 years, 30-69 years, 70 years and over, respectively. DISCUSSION: The similarity and plausibility of cause-specific proportions derived from the reclassification of IDCD by age group over time indicate the accuracy of the investigation data. CONCLUSION: High proportions of IDCD reassigned to more informative causes after review indicate the success of this approach to correct misclassification in the SIM, an initiative that should be maintained. Training physicians on death certification along with better quality of medical care and access to health services would lead to further improvement.

Evaluation of the national meningococcal disease surveillance system: Brazil, 2007-2017. / Avaliação do sistema nacional de vigilância da doença meningocócica: Brasil, 2007-2017.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate meningococcal disease (MD) surveillance from 2007-2017, according to its attributes. METHODS: this was a descriptive study of the 'timeliness', 'representativeness', 'simplicity', 'flexibility', 'data quality', 'acceptability' and 'usefulness' attributes of the system, based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines; we used National Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) data, with onset of symptoms between 2007-2017. RESULTS: the system was found to be complex with eight case definitions and six laboratory confirmations; flexible, with adequate description of epidemiological changes; good chemoprophylaxis, active tracing and serogrouping completeness; low acceptability with chemoprophylaxis found in less than 70.0% of records; timely, with excellent investigation, closure and collection of cerebrospinal fluid; representative, in its description of MD in Brazil; useful, adequately guiding control actions. CONCLUSION: different clinical presentations of MD and the need for rapid case management interfere with the system's acceptability and complexity; the latter, however, is useful for epidemiological analysis.